AIR POLLUTION

 AIR POLLUTION

Air pollution is defined as the formation of air that is disrupted due to the presence of gas, smoke, dust, chemical particles, etc., which harm a person, plant and the animal. Types of Air Pollution i) Primary pollution: Dirt directly released from a person or natural activities are known as primary pollution. For example, CO2, SO2, NOx, particle matter, hydrocarbons etc. ii) Second pollution: where the main pollution is affected atmospheric humidity and a new class of pollutants form, known as secondary pollution. For example, carbonic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid etc. The cause of air pollution a) Urban migration b) Population c) Deforestation d) Industrial establishment e) Car exit Major air pollutants and their effects a) Carbon dioxide: the concentration of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere due to emissions, fuel burning, fires, industries, agricultural activities etc. increases the effect of the green house i.e. causes global warming and climate change. b) Carbon monoxide: carbon monoxide gas is released after imperfection heat of gasoline or other product. The source of CO is a car emissions, coal burning, biomass heating etc. CO causes headaches, dizziness, heart failure (in the blood CO is combined with reduced oxygen hemoglobin exposure to oxygen), etc. c) Sulfur dioxide: SO2 emissions from oil refineries, volcanic eruptions, and chemical industries etc. secondary contamination that causes eye irritation. It can also cause allergies reaction and asthma. d) Leader: tetra ethyl leader used as anti-knocking agents in fuel to smooth operating vehicle. Lead particles from car exhaust also mixed with air. It causes damage to the kidneys and liver. It's also down down the power of intelligence in children. e) Nitrogen oxide: relieves car crashes, volcanic eruptions, lighting etc. it causes eye irritation. Strategies used to prevent air pollution i) Filters: filter removes particle matter in the gas stream. Bag House the filtration process is very common and is made of cotton fibers. When contaminated gas passes through it, then contaminated gas is introduced cotton threads. ii) Electrostatic Waste: Exhaust dust is charged by ion and ionized particle matter is collected in an illegally charged area. The the collected particles are removed by moving the surface. iii) Rubbers: Water collectors. They removed the aerosol from gas dispersion can be by collecting wet particles on a trace surface their removal from the particles is moistened with a liquid scrub. WATER POLLUTION An undesirable biological or chemical element present in water is incorrect affects the living body is referred to as water pollution. Source of Water Pollution i) Contamination of the pointing source: if the pollution comes from a single identification source is then known as point source. For example, municipal resources, industrial resources etc. ii) Non-point source pollution: if the pollution comes out of random or A dispersed source is then known as a non-point source. For example, construction site, agricultural area, acid rain, animal waste etc. Causes and consequences of water pollution a) Infectious agents: micro-organism including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, if present in drinking water causes disease. For example, b) Oxygen-depletion wastes: issues of aquatic life are reduced a microorganism present in water that needs oxygen. If a large number of organic matter in polluted water and a large amount of oxygen what the microorganism needs to degrade waste. So oxygen the water content dropped. The amount of oxygen consumed by the microorganism is called the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). High level of BOC means the largest amount of waste present in water. c) Water-soluble chemicals: elements such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic adversely affects man and animals. Because disease. d) Suspended solids: if there is a solid suspended in the body of water, then water they change so the right sun does not reach the water plants and animals that affect the aquatic life. Control measure to prevent water pollution i) Pollution from industrial and domestic waste must be rectified before disposal. ii) Recycling of wastewater using clean water. iii) Public Awareness Program.